Home Sporting Goods & Recreation Pet Collar Smart GPS Pet Collar Wholesale Dog Collar Price 2025 Product List

Wholesale Dog Collar Price

products found from  trusted manufacturers & suppliers
View:

List View

Gallery View
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Handle Pet Collar Comfortable Outdoor Dog Collar Durable Fashionable Collar Leash Harness Pet Products Customizable Wholesale Design Dog Collar

US$ 2.05-3.5 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
Pingyang Jinwen Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Pingyang Jinwen Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Zhejiang, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Nylon
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training
Buckle
1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Premium Adjustable Soft Nylon Webbing Neoprene Padded Heavy Duty Tactical Metal Buckle Phosphor LED Dog Collar Manufacturers

in stock qp product gallery
US$ 4-5 / pieces
20 pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan Huchong Pet Products Co., Ltd
Dongguan Huchong Pet Products Co., Ltd
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Buy Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Nylon
LED Collars
4cm
Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Hot Selling Multi Colors Adjustable PVC TPU Coated Dog Collar Product Waterproof Silicone Nylon Pet Cat Dog Collar Leash Set

US$ 2.09-2.36 / Piece
500 Pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan City Shanli Weaving Co., Ltd.
Dongguan City Shanli Weaving Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
PVC
Break-away Collars
Customized
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Hot Sales Pet Accessories High Quality Genuine Leather GPS Tracker Airtag Dog Collar

US$ 5.45-7 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
DONGGUAN YANTAO INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
DONGGUAN YANTAO INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Guangdong, China

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Cooton
Buckle Collars
3CM
Buckle
M, S
1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Plastic Collers Eco Friendly Breathable Surgical Cone Pet Cat Dog Elizabeth Collar Pets Elizabethan Collar

US$ 0.3-1.45 / Piece
100 Pieces (MOQ)
Suzhou Becpet E-commerce Co.,Ltd.
Suzhou Becpet E-commerce Co.,Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Jiangsu, China

  • Trading Company

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Great Customer Service"
Great Customer Service
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
10 Feet
PVC
XL, XS, M, L, S, Xs, XXL
Puppy Pet
Non-Customized
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Factory Premium Leather Adjustable Pet Collar for Small and Medium Dogs Customized OEM ODM China Manufacturer Pet Supplies Amazon Hot Sale Pet Product

US$ 3.98-4.98 / unit
100 unit (MOQ)
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Excellent Service"
Excellent Service
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Leather
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

F&T Fashion Dog Collar Wholesale Pet Accessories Color Options Custom Leather Pet Collar

US$ 2.45-2.55 / Piece
200 Pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan Humen Futuo Accessories Factory
Dongguan Humen Futuo Accessories Factory
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Delivery"
Fast Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Leather
Buckle Collars
2CM
Home
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Durable Silicone PVC TPU Waterproof Heavy Duty Training Luxury Dog Collar

US$ 2.5-5.5 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
DONGGUAN YANTAO INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
DONGGUAN YANTAO INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Guangdong, China

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
PVC
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training, Dogs, Outdoor Activities
Adjustable
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Flea Collar for Dogs, Waterproof Adjustable Top Rated Flea & Tick Treatment Collar, Wholesale 4/6/8 Months Protection

US$ 0.5-2.2 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
Genveticon (Nanjing) Animal Health Co.Ltd
Genveticon (Nanjing) Animal Health Co.Ltd
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Jiangsu, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(4.9)

"Fast Delivery"
Fast Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Plastic
Flea Collars
1CM
Flea and Tick Treatment
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Waterproof Pet Collar with Pattern Printing Durable PVC Easy Cleaning Soft and Durable Collars Wholesale Pet Supply Manufacturer Custom Popular Dog Collar

US$ 1.6-3.8 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
Link Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Link Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Delivery"
Fast Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
PVC
Buckle Collars
2CM
Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Christmas Pet Collar Wholesale Adjustable Nylon Polyester Santa Claus Christmas Tree Printed Collar Plus Pet Toy Christmas Dog Collar

US$ 0.6-3.5 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
Link Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Link Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"On-time Delivery"
On-time Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Polyester
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Factory Logo Customized Waterproof PVC Adjustable Dog Collar Set Quick Release Buckle China Manufacturer Price Collar

US$ 8.2-9.5 / unit
100 unit (MOQ)
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Great Customer Service"
Great Customer Service
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
PVC
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Hanyang OEM Pet Accessories Pet Product Wholesale Custom 100% Cotton Dog Collar with Bow Ties

US$ 0.19-1.99 / Piece
75 Pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan Hanyang Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Hanyang Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"On-time Delivery"
On-time Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Coldproof, Waterproof, Eating, Drinking, Daily Life
Cotton
All Seasons
Print Pattern Pet Bowtie
XS, S, M, L, XL, Customized
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Custom Nylon Glow-in-The-Dark USB Charging Dog Collar with LED Leash

US$ 3.46-7.68 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
SHENZHEN BELXIN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD
SHENZHEN BELXIN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Dispatch"
Fast Dispatch
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Pet Dog Cat
Nylon
Pet Dog Cat Collar
2.5CM
Home, Training, Outside
Snap
1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Adjustable Velvet Pet Collar for Dogs and Cats

US$ 3.5-4.5 / Piece
200 Pieces (MOQ)
Anhui Joypaws Co., Ltd.
Anhui Joypaws Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Anhui, China

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dogs&Cats
Velvet
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

High Quality Wholesale Cheap Price Factory Strap Dog Leash Collar

US$ 3.58-4.57 / Piece
2 Pieces (MOQ)
Anhui Bochen Eco Co.
Anhui Bochen Eco Co.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Anhui, China

  • Trading Company

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fantastic Service"
Fantastic Service
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Cotton
Buckle Collars
3.8cm
Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

LED Light Rechargeable Pet Dog Collar Wholesale

US$ 4.05-4.15 / Piece
100 Pieces (MOQ)
SZ Better Limited
SZ Better Limited
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Guangdong, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Great Supplier"
Great Supplier
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Nylon
LED Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Pet Collar Leash Harness Combo Set Custom Logo Design Fashionable Patterns High Durability Best Price Dog Collar

US$ 0.55-1.05 / Piece
50 Pieces (MOQ)
Pingyang Jinwen Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Pingyang Jinwen Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Zhejiang, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Nylon
Buckle Collars
2CM
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Factory Premium Tactical Large Dog Collar with Quick Release Clip Buckle Heavy Duty D-Ring Soft Padded Neoprene OEM ODM China Pet Collar

US$ 3.98-4.98 / unit
100 unit (MOQ)
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Excellent Service"
Excellent Service
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Polyester
Buckle Collars
3.8cm/5.0cm
Training, Tactical Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Hanyang Wholesale Genuine Pet Collars Soft Brown Black Leather Dog Collars and Leash Set

US$ 2.15-2.76 / Piece
75 Pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan Hanyang Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Hanyang Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"On-time Delivery"
On-time Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Ployster
Buckle Collars
2CM
Home, Training, Customized
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

F&T Fashion Dog Collar Wholesale Pet Accessories Color Options Custom Leather Pet Collar

US$ 2.52-3.98 / pieces
100 pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan Humen Futuo Accessories Factory
Dongguan Humen Futuo Accessories Factory
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Guangdong, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Dispatch"
Fast Dispatch
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Cat
120cm
PVC
L
Puppy Pet
Customized
1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Reflective Nylon Dog Collar Adjustable Small Classic Style

US$ 0.49-1.99 / Piece
200 Pieces (MOQ)
Anhui Joypaws Co., Ltd.
Anhui Joypaws Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Anhui, China

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dogs&Cats
Nylon
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale LED Dog Collar and Leash Set for Night Safety

US$ 3.42-9.82 / Piece
100 Pieces (MOQ)
SHENZHEN BELXIN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD
SHENZHEN BELXIN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Delivery"
Fast Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Pet Dog Cat
Nylon
Pet Dog Cat Collar
2.5CM
Home, Training, Outside
Snap
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Durable Pet Collar Leash Harness High-Quality Customizable Dog Collar Perfect for Stylish Pets Pet Supply Collar

US$ 0.5-0.67 / Piece
20 Pieces (MOQ)
Pingyang Jinwen Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Pingyang Jinwen Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Zhejiang, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Cat
PU
Buckle Collars
1CM
Home, Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Custom Velcro-Padded Training Tactical Collar for Large Dog Made-in-China

US$ 3.98-4.98 / unit
100 unit (MOQ)
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Inchol Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Excellent Service"
Excellent Service
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Polyester
Buckle Collars
3.8cm/5.0cm
Training, Tactical Training
Buckle
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Hanyang Multiple Designs Fashion Soft Pet Dog Collar Custom Wholesale

US$ 1.96-2.48 / Piece
100 Pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan Hanyang Pet Products Co., Ltd.
Dongguan Hanyang Pet Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Dispatch"
Fast Dispatch
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Cotton
Buckle Collars
2CM
Home, Training, Outdoor
Buckle
1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Personalized Dog Collar with Airtag GPS Location Feature Pet Product

US$ 3-4.29 / Piece
500 Pieces (MOQ)
Hefei Fengkun Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd
Hefei Fengkun Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd
  • China Supplier - Diamond Member Diamond Member
  • Anhui, China

  • Trading Company

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Customized
CE, ISO
Electric
Without Logo Printing
Plastic
Pet Tracker
Video 1/ 6

Favorites

Factory Spot Wholesale Soft Leather Pet Dog Collar Embossing Pattern Can Be Customized Dog Collar in Large Dogs

US$ 2.47-2.91 / Piece
100 Pieces (MOQ)
Dongguan Humen Futuo Accessories Factory
Dongguan Humen Futuo Accessories Factory
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Guangdong, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Delivery"
Fast Delivery
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dog
Leather
Buckle Collars
2CM
Home, Training, out Walking
Buckle
1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Adjustable Heavy Duty No Pull Step in Pet Harness Dog Collar

US$ 2-5 / Piece
500 Pieces (MOQ)
Yangzhou Smile Outdoor Products Co., Ltd.
Yangzhou Smile Outdoor Products Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Audited SupplierAudited Supplier
  • Secured Trading Secured Trading
  • Jiangsu, China

  • Manufacturer/Factory & Trading Company

Secured Trading Service

Enjoy trading protection from Made-in-China.com
View larger video & image

View larger video & image

5(5.0)

"Fast Dispatch"
Fast Dispatch
Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Pet
4 Feet
Adjustable, M, L, S
Adult Pet
Customized
New
1/ 6

Favorites

Wholesale Custom Velvet Pet Collar Adjustable Dogs Cats

US$ 1.3-2.5 / Piece
200 Pieces (MOQ)
Anhui Joypaws Co., Ltd.
Anhui Joypaws Co., Ltd.
  • China Supplier - Gold Member Gold Member
  • Anhui, China

View larger video & image

View larger video & image

Contact Now

Add to inquiry basket to compare.
Dogs&Cats
Alloy, Nylon
Buckle Collars
2.5CM
Home, Training
Buckle
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next
Questions & Answers on Wholesale Dog Collar Price
Q
How can I identify trustworthy suppliers for pet collars in China?
A
Upgrade your Pet Collar with the elegant and durable Wholesale Dog Collar Price.When searching for reliable suppliers in China, utilize online platforms, industry exhibitions, and supplier directories. Verify their credentials and quality standards by requesting samples. Collaborating with a well-established supplier ensures consistent product excellence.
Q
What are the advantages of purchasing pet collars wholesale?
A
Discover the perfect Pet Collar addition with our Wholesale Dog Collar Price.Bulk buying of pet collars offers cost-effectiveness, availability in large quantities, and uniform quality. Wholesale orders often entail discounts and customization opportunities, ensuring you receive premium products from certified manufacturers.
Q
What are the common materials used in manufacturing pet collars?
A
Discover the perfect Pet Collar addition with our Wholesale Dog Collar Price.Pet collars are typically crafted from nylon, leather, or polyester. Each material has its unique features in terms of durability, comfort, and style. It's advisable to consult a reputable manufacturer to choose the most suitable material based on your requirements.

You may also be interested in

Quality Dog Collar Price Oem Dog Collar Price Red Dog Collar Price Black Dog Collar Price Blue Dog Collar Price Dog Nylon Collar Price Dog Training Collar Price Adjustable Dog Collar Price Small Dog Collar Price Dog Collar Bag Price Dog Control Collar Price Dog Fashion Collar Price Dog Safety Collar Price Electric Dog Collar Price Electronic Dog Collar Price Cotton Dog Collar Price
Haven't found what you want?

Easy Sourcing

Post sourcing requests and get quotations quickly.

Product Alert

Stay updated to what's new and popular on the market.
New Selection
Category
Product Features
Product Types
Min Order
OK
Search Within
Suitable for
Material
Width
Application
Closure Type
Size
Color
Condition
Brand
Company Features
Member Type
Business Type
R&D Capacity
City

Related Product Categories

Popular Searches

Free App: App Store Google Play
Follow Us:
Contact Us:
TradeMessenger:
About Us FAQ Help Site Map Mobile Site
Hot Products China Products China Manufacturers/Suppliers Wholesale Products Wholesale Price Continent Channel Industry Sites Regional Channels Product Index Insights
Language Options: Español Português Français Русский язык Italiano Deutsch Nederlands العربية 한국어 日本語 हिन्दी ภาษาไทย Türkçe Tiếng Việt Bahasa Indonesia
User Agreement Declaration Privacy Policy
Copyright © 1998-2025 Focus Technology Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.