Hoist, Gate, Dam Gate, Dam Hoist, Gate Hoist, Screw Jack, Gate Lifting Hoist, Heavy Dam Machinery, Dam Sling

Windlass, small or small lifting equipment hoisting or pulling heavy objects with drum winding wire rope or chain, also known as winches. The hoist can lift vertically, horizontally or horizontally pull heavy objects. The hoist is divided into three types: manual hoist, electric hoist and hydraulic hoist. Now the electric hoist is the main. It can be used alone or as a component in machinery such as lifting, road building and mine hoisting. It is widely used for simple operation, large rope winding and convenient displacement. It is mainly used for lifting or leveling of building materials, water conservancy projects, forestry, mines, wharves, etc.
A hoist includes a building hoist, a coaxial winch
The main products are: JM electrically controlled slow speed large tonnage hoist, JM electric.
Control slow winch, JK electronic control high speed hoist, JKL hand controlled fast rolling hoist, 2JKL hand controlled double fast rolling hoist, electronic control hand control double hoist, JT speed hoist, KDJ Mini hoist, etc., can only be used on the ground and can be used on the ship by modification. It uses motor as power, through elastic coupling, three stage closed gear reducer, toothed type coupling drive drum, electromagnetic brake. The product has the advantages of high versatility, compact structure, small size, light weight, important and convenient transfer. It is widely used in building, water conservancy, forestry, mine, dock and other material lifting or leveling, and can also be used as a supporting equipment for modern electronic control automatic operation line. The JM series is a gear reducer for gear reducer. It is suitable for civil construction and installation works of building and installation companies, mining areas and factories.
A device that drives a drum or winding rope by manpower or mechanical power to complete the traction operation.
Coaxial Winch: (also called micro winch) motor and wire rope in the same transmission shaft, light and compact, save space (its tonnage includes 200 kilograms, 250 kilograms, 300 kilograms, 500 kilograms, 750 kilograms, 1000 kilograms, etc.).
Slow windlass: the hoister with a rated speed of about 7~12m/min on the drum.
A fast Winch: a hoist with a rated speed of about 30m/min on the drum.
Electric hoist: a windlass powered by an electric motor and driven by a driving device.
Speed hoist: hoist with adjustable speed control.
Hand hoist: a windlass powered by human power and driven by a driving device.
Large tonnage non standard hoist: mainly used for hoisting, pulling, unloading, pushing and dragging heavy objects. For example, installation and demolition of large and medium size concrete, steel structure and mechanical equipment. Its structure is characterized by the orderly arrangement of wire rope, reliable hanging installation, suitable for Luqiao engineering and large factory and mine installation equipment, such as wharf, bridge, port and so on. It is a kind of use of external force (such as electric motor) to drive his operation, and then control it to operate without power without power by electromagnetic brake and lock brake. After the motor is driven and decelerated, it drives a wheel to operate, and the wheel can be rolled with wire or other things.
Usually lifting a hoist above 30 tons is a large tonnage hoist, producing only a few tonnage hoists in China, and the largest tonnage at present is 65 tons. Mainly divided into JK (fast), JM, JMW (slow speed), JT (speed regulation), JKL, 2JKL hand control fast and other series winches, widely used in industrial and mining, metallurgy, lifting, construction, chemical industry, Luqiao, hydropower installation and other lifting industries.
Common winch models have
1, JK0.5-JK5 single reel fast winch
2, JK0.5-JK12.5 single reel slow winch
3, JKL1.6-JKL5 skating type fast winch
4, JML5, JML6, JML10 skating type hoist
5, 2JK2-2JML10 double reel hoist
6, JT800, JT700 type explosion-proof hoist hoist
7, JK0.3-JK15 electronically controlled winch
8. Non standard winch
The JK represents a fast winch, JM represents a slow winch, and a JT represents a flameproof hoist, a single reel holds a wire for a reel, and a double reel holds the two reels to hold a wire rope.
Special hoister model
Hydraulic winch
Variable frequency hoist
Double drum winch
Hand brake lever type double brake hoist
Belt limiter
Double brake hoist
Advantage
Compared with the traditional electric hoist (electric winch), the hydraulic hoist (hydraulic winch) has many advantages:
1. overload protection
2. shock protection
3. explosion-proof performance
Pneumatic winch
brief introduction
Pneumatic winch is a kind of hoist with the compressed gas supplied by air compressor as the power source. Compared with the traditional electric hoist, the pneumatic winch has the characteristics of explosion-proof, dustproof and liquid spatter, and can be more adapted to work in bad environment, so the pneumatic winch is widely used in ships and oil mining. Mining and electricity industries.
The pneumatic winch is composed of pneumatic motor, reducer, brake, clutch, reel, overload protection device and control valve. The traction force is 200kg, 500kg, 1T, 2T, 3T and 5T and so on. The traction length can reach 350 meters.
Windlass
Winch (12)
Use of attention
In order to ensure the safety of the use, the broken tension of the wire rope of the pneumatic winch is usually about 5 times of the load bearing load, that is to say, how to load 10KN, the breaking tension of the wire rope should be at least 50KN to ensure the safety of the operation. In addition, 3 pneumatic components (air filter, air refueling, air pressure regulator) are needed when installing, and the air refueling device must be installed before the air inlet of the machine body.
structural style
The hoist converts electric energy through motor 1 to mechanical energy, that is, the rotor output of the motor, and the triangle band 2.
Hoister structure
Hoister structure
Shaft 3, gear 4, 5 decelerate and then drive the drum 6 to rotate. The roller coiled wire rope 7 and through the pulley group 8,9, the crane hoist 10 hoist or downloaded Q, and changed the mechanical energy into mechanical work to complete the load vertical transportation loading and unloading work.
When the rope groove is loaded, it can change the stress distribution law of the drum and reduce the stress of the cylinder wall. [1]
Design reference standard
National reference standard for building winches:
GB1102 round strand wire rope
Design specification for GB3811 crane
GB5972 practical specification for inspection and rejection of wire ropes for lifting appliances
Test specification and method for GB6947 building winch
Code for construction and acceptance of installation of GBJ232 electrical installations
General technical conditions for JJ12.3 construction machinery welding parts
General technical conditions for JJ15 construction machinery assembly
Attentions editor
1. Attention to the use of the hoist:
1. The wire rope on the reel should be arranged neatly. If the overlap and oblique winding are found, the rearrangement should be stopped. It is strictly forbidden to pull the wire rope with hand and foot in the rotation. The wire rope should not be released completely, at least three rings should be retained.
2. Wire rope shall not be knotted or twisted. It should be replaced if the broken line exceeds 10% in one pitch.
3. During operation, no one can cross the wire rope. After lifting the object (object), the operator must not leave the hoist. Objects or cages at rest should be lowered to the ground.
4, in the operation, the driver and the signalling staff should maintain good visibility with the lifting objects. The driver and the signalling staff should cooperate closely and obey the unified command of the signal.
5, in case of power failure in operation, the power supply should be cut off and the hoisted material should be lowered to the ground.
6, in the work, we should obey the signal of the commanding officer. The signal is unknown or may cause an accident.
The operation should be suspended and the work can be continued until the situation is cleared.
7, sudden power failure in operation, should immediately open the knife, put down the conveyor.
8. After the operation is finished, the tray should be landed and locked.
9. The wear of wire ropes in the process of use. The local damage of spontaneous combustion is unavoidable. The protective oil should be painted at intervals.
10. The use of overloading is strictly prohibited. That is, more than the maximum load tonnage.
11, attention should be paid to knot formation, squash, arc damage and chemical medium erosion during use.
12, do not directly hoist high temperature objects, and protect the boards with edges and corners.
13, the wire rope used should be checked frequently in the process of use, and the scrapping standard should be scrapped immediately.
Two, the scrap standard for the wire rope of the hoist
Wire rope used for hoist, including phosphating coating wire rope, galvanized steel wire rope and smooth wire rope.
1, the diameter is reduced.
Wear diameter of more than forty percent should be scrapped, not exceeding forty percent should be used to reduce the coefficient.
2, surface corrosion;
When the surface corrosion of the whole wire rope is obvious to the naked eye, the wire rope can not be used.
3, structural damage;
The strand breaking should be scrapped and the wire rope with broken wires should be reduced.
4. Overloading;
The wire ropes used for overloading are not to be used.
noise control
The scale and the power of the hoisting machine used in the construction project are getting bigger and bigger, and the speed of the traction is getting faster and faster. The size of the gear pair structure of the key transmission reel of the corresponding hoist is bigger and bigger, and the hoist is operated under high power and high speed. The noise is getting higher and higher, but this is not allowed by national standards. The construction hoist national standard GB1955 - 2002 stipulates that the noise limit of qualified hoists should not exceed 85dB (A) and the operator's ear should not exceed 88dB (A). When the pulling force is small and the speed is low, the noise is far lower than the standard limit, and it is easy to control. However, when the traction speed is high and the traction force is large, the noise should not be exceeded. It is necessary to take effective measures from the design, process, material and quality inspection. 1 existence problem: the noise source of the hoist has many ways, but it is essentially the result of impact and vibration, which is usually caused by the instantaneous acceleration caused by the poor quality of the gear meshing and the uneven motion of the gear. We a 80kN fast slip hydraulic control hoist, the wire rope traction speed of 30m/min, motor power 55kW, the machine noise is generally within the standard range, but the occasional noise exceeds the standard phenomenon, a few machines can not pass factory inspection. When the noise is eliminated, it is impossible to get out of the hand. Because the drawings and technological processes based on the machine manufacture are the same, since most of the products are qualified, the unreasonable factors of design and process should be excluded.
Analysis and control of noise source
1, chassis we think the chassis design and manufacture of the possibility of causing noise: the chassis is a box structure, not all weld seam is continuous welding, the length and position of the various chassis welds are different, the chassis rigidity is large individual differences, and some cause the resonance effect, the machine such as a little vibration noise The chassis is magnified; the chassis is welded by the steel plate and does not have the sound absorption and noise elimination function. If its natural frequency is close to the gear meshing frequency, it may cause a few machines to cause larger common shock due to the weak and small vibration of the gear, causing the increase of the noise value. We have tested the above possibility separately, but through three experiments, we found that the noise level is weakly related to the chassis structure, stiffness, frequency and other factors. The noise size is strongly related to the moving parts, so the design and manufacturing quality of the chassis is not the cause of the noise exceeding the standard.
2, the bearing gap is considered, since the noise is accompanied by drum assembly and transmission parts, then it may be caused by the large clearance of the roller bearing. We choose the mating clearance of the reel parts to ensure that the gap between the bearing hole and the spindle meets the requirements of the drawing and carry out the test after assembly. The speed of the variable frequency motor is used to observe the effect of speed on noise. A large number of test results show that speed is the first effect on noise, the higher the speed of the drum, the greater the noise value, the more intense the vibration of the machine; the gap is second, the larger the gap between the spindle and the axle sleeve, the greater the noise, and the lowest influence of the chassis to the noise. If the noise of the machine is very low, the change of the speed and the size of the spindle gap will not produce too much noise, which indicates that the noise exceeding the standard is not caused by the large clearance of the bearing.
Maintenance and maintenance editor
In the design of the hoister, it is necessary to avoid the appearance of wire rope and rope, and put forward a kind of hoist with a cam mechanism. The reel is the key design component. The traditional design method is mostly to determine its thickness by experience. [2]
The motor is an important part of the winch, and it is also the most expensive part in the winch. If it is damaged, the maintenance or replacement cost will be very high. So here is to remind customers to take good care of the hoist or winch motor. The maintenance methods are as follows:
1, the use of the environment should always be kept dry, motor surface should be kept clean, air inlet should not be impeded by dust, fiber and so on.
2, when the thermal protection of the motor continues to occur, it should be found that the fault comes from the motor or the overload or protection device is too low. After the failure, it can be put into operation.
3, ensure that the motor is well lubricated during operation. General motor running for about 5000 hours, that is, should be supplemented or replaced grease, running during the discovery of overheating or lubrication deterioration, the hydraulic timely change grease. When replacing the grease, the old lubricating oil should be removed, with the gasoline wash bearing and the oil tank of the bearing cover, and then the ZL-3 lithium grease is filled with the 1/2 (to 2 poles) and 2/3 (to 4, 6, 8 poles) of the cavity between the inner and outer rings of the bearing.
4, when the life of the bearing ends, the vibration and noise of the motor will increase obviously. When the radial clearance of the bearing is checked to the following value, the bearing should be replaced.
5, when removing the motor, it is OK to remove the rotor from the shaft extension or the non extension end. If it is not necessary to unload the fan or remove the rotor from the non axial extension end, it is more convenient to remove the rotor from the stator, so the stator winding or insulation should be prevented.
6, when changing the winding, we must remember the form of the original winding, the size and the number of turns, the line gauge and so on. When the data is lost, it should be asked to the manufacturer and change the original design windings at will, which often worsens the performance of some or several items of the motor, or even can not be used.
Accident hidden trouble editing
The winch has many advantages, such as large bearing capacity, stable and reliable hoisting and wide operating speed range. It is widely used, but because of lack of consciousness and effective method for safe use of the winch, it often causes production accident. [3]
The hoist is not fixed and the anchor is not set firmly, causing the hoist to shift and overturn.
No protective device or protective device is installed on the drum without preventing the wire rope from slipping. It is unreasonable and unreliable to cause the wire rope to break away from the hoist.
The end of the wire rope is not fixed or fixed, which does not meet the requirements, causing the wire rope to fall off.
The mechanism of the hoist mechanism fails and can not be positioned.
The shaft is not positioned accurately, resulting in fatigue fracture of the shaft.
Security requirements editors
Installation position
1. set up the operation shed, and ensure that the operator can see clearly the commanders and drag or hoist objects. Construction, scaffolding and stacking materials and components on site should not affect drivers' monitoring of the whole process of operation. In the dangerous operation area, the roof should comply with the requirements of the shelter.
2. the foundation is solid. The hoist should try to keep away from the dangerous area, select the place with high ground and solid soil, lock the wire rope with the hoist seat, and pile it ahead to prevent the moving and overturning of the hoist.
3. reel direction. The distance between the reel and the guide pulley center to the right, from the reel to the first guide pulley, is: the slot drum should be 15 times larger than the width of the drum, and the slotless drum should be more than 20 times to prevent the wire ropes from stacking each other and the flange and wire wear of the guide wheel.
Staff requirements
1. the driver of the hoist should be on the post of professional training, and should concentrate on his work. When there are obstacles in the line of sight, it should be cleared in time, and when the signal is not clear, it must not be operated.
The operation should be confirmed before the 2. operation, and the operator should understand the main contents and workload of the work in detail.
3. when the suspended object is not completely landed on the ground, the driver shall not leave the post. When you rest or suspend your work, you must drop objects or suspension cages down to the ground. After work, the power supply should be cut off and the electric lock is closed.
4. drivers should always pay attention to operating conditions and wear of wire ropes. When the load increases for the first time, the ground 0.5m should be stopped first and checked again without any problems.
5. using a single drum hoist, the brake must be controlled to decrease speed, not to brake too fast and sharply, and to slow down.
6. prohibit the use of wrench switch to prevent collision and misoperation.
7. wire rope should be regularly coated with butter and placed in a dedicated channel to prevent rolling and damaging the strength of the wire rope.
When the rated tension of the 8. hoist is greater than 125KN, the rope arranging device should be arranged. The 3~5 rope should be retained at least on the reel, and the end of the wire rope should be fixed and reliable.
The distance between the outer and the outer steel wires of the 9. reel shall be not less than 1.5 times the diameter of the wire rope.
10. in operation, no one is allowed to stride over the winding wire that is working.